Failed joint replacement

Understanding why a joint replacement fails helps guide the right treatment. Common causes include: 

• Implant loosening or wear. Repeated movement and pressure over time can cause components to shift or wear down.
• Infection. Bacteria entering the joint can lead to pain, swelling and loss of function.
• Instability. Weak or damaged ligaments and soft tissues may make the joint feel unstable.
• Fracture near the implant. A break in the surrounding bone can affect the stability of the prosthesis.
• Persistent pain or stiffness. Ongoing discomfort may point to alignment or mechanical issues. 

Signs that your joint replacement may be failing include increasing pain with activity, stiffness, swelling, warmth or redness around the joint, clicking or grinding sensations, a feeling that the joint is giving out, or difficulty walking or completing everyday tasks. An early evaluation can help protect your joint function and prevent further complications.

Treatment depends on your diagnosis, symptoms and overall health. Options include: 

Nonsurgical 

• Activity modification. Adjusting movement and daily habits can reduce stress on the joint.
• Physical therapy. Targeted exercises can improve strength, stability and range of motion.
• Medications or anti-inflammatory injections. These may help manage pain and reduce inflammation.
• Assistive devices. Canes or braces can offer added support while you heal. 

Surgical

Revision surgery When symptoms persist or complications like infection or fracture develop, this procedure removes part or all of the existing prosthesis and replaces it with a new, custom-fitted implant. 

Revision surgery is more complex than an original knee replacement, hip replacement or shoulder replacement, so it requires advanced planning and specialized surgical expertise. Your care team will explain your results and options in clear, straightforward terms so you feel confident in your next steps.

Recovery after revision surgery generally takes longer than recovery after an initial joint replacement. Your care team builds a personalized rehabilitation plan to support safe healing and help you regain strength. 

• Early phase (weeks 1 to 6). Gentle movement begins, with assistive devices used as needed.
• Intermediate phase (weeks 6 to 12). Physical therapy focuses on strength, flexibility and balance.
• Long-term recovery. Most patients return to daily activities within several months, depending on the joint involved and overall health. 

As with any surgical procedure, revision joint replacement carries some risks, including infection, blood clots or implant-related complications. Your care team will walk you through these considerations, answer your questions and help you understand what to expect before, during and after treatment. Every treatment plan is tailored to your individual needs and health history.